monotheism vs. polytheism / Religious Thoughts Across the World

Monotheism and polytheism are two different ways of understanding the nature and existence of gods. Monotheism is the belief that there is only one god, who is the creator and ruler of the universe. Polytheism is the belief that there are many gods, who have different roles and functions in the world. Both monotheism and polytheism have been practiced by various cultures and religions throughout history. Some examples of monotheistic religions are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Some examples of polytheistic religions are Hinduism, Ancient Greek religion, and Norse mythology.

The question of when did monotheism begin is not easy to answer, as different cultures and religions have different ways of understanding and expressing the concept of one God. However, some scholars suggest that the first place to demonstrate monotheism was **Egypt** during the reign of **Akhenaten** in the **14th century BCE** (1353-1336 BC). Akhenaten was a pharaoh who abolished the worship of many gods and promoted the worship of **Aten**, the sun disk god, as the only true god. This was a radical change from the traditional Egyptian religion, which had a complex pantheon of gods and goddesses. Akhenaten's monotheism was unpopular with many Egyptians, especially the priests who lost their power and influence. After his death, his successors restored the old religion and erased most traces of his reforms.

Other scholars argue that the first true monotheism emerged from **Judaism**, which is one of the oldest religions in the world. Judaism traces its origins to **Abraham**, who is believed to have lived around the **19th or 18th century BCE**. Abraham is said to have made a covenant with **Yahweh**, the God of Israel, who promised to make him the father of a great nation. However, Judaism did not become strictly monotheistic until much later, after the **Babylonian exile** in the **6th century BCE**. During this time, many Jews were taken captive by the Babylonian empire, which had a powerful and influential religion that worshiped **Marduk**, the chief god among many others. The Jews resisted assimilating to this religion and affirmed their faith in Yahweh as the only God, who was superior to all other gods. This was a way of preserving their identity and hope in a foreign land.

Polytheism is the belief in and worship of many gods, each with distinct functions and characteristics. Polytheism is one of the oldest and most widespread forms of religious expression, dating back to prehistoric times and found in various cultures around the world. Some of the most well-known polytheistic religions are ancient Egyptian religion, ancient Greek religion, ancient Roman religion, Norse, Celtic, Hinduism, Buddhism, Shintoism, and Native American religions. Polytheism is different from monotheism, which is the belief in one God, and from animism, which is the belief in spirits or forces that inhabit natural objects. The term polytheism was first used in 1613, while the term monotheism was coined later in the 17th century. Polytheism allows for a diversity of beliefs and practices, as each god can be worshipped in different ways and can have different moral standards. Polytheism also reflects the complexity and diversity of the natural world and human society, as each god represents a different aspect or domain of reality.

Before the arrival of monotheism, our ancestors lived in harmony with the many gods and goddesses who watched over them. They honored them with rituals, offerings, and prayers, and received their blessings, guidance, and protection in return. Polytheism was not just a religion, but a way of life that connected us with nature, the seasons, and the cycles of life and death. Monotheism corrupted our people by imposing a single, jealous, and wrathful god who demanded absolute obedience and submission. It destroyed our sacred traditions, temples, and statues, and persecuted or put to death those who resisted. It severed our bond with the divine plurality and diversity that enriched our culture and spirituality.

One of the most dramatic events in the history of the Norse people was the conversion of their king to a monotheistic religion. The king, who had been raised in the polytheistic tradition of his ancestors, embraced Christianity after being influenced by foreign missionaries and rulers. He then embarked on a campaign to spread his new faith among his subjects, by force if necessary. He ordered the destruction of pagan temples and idols and imposed harsh penalties on those who resisted or refused to convert. He also burned down the homes and farms of those who defied him, killing many of them in the process. His actions provoked a violent backlash from some of his people, who saw him as a tyrant and a traitor to their culture and gods. They rose up in rebellion against him, sparking a civil war that lasted for years. They then spread their form of the gospel into the Celtic lands as well.

Monotheism is a type of religion that believes in only one god or supreme being. Some monotheistic religions, such as Christianity and Islam, have rules or traditions that require their clergy or ministers to be celibate (not married or sexually active) or monogamous (having only one spouse). These religions may see celibacy or monogamy as a way of showing devotion to God or avoiding distractions from their spiritual duties. (ONE GOD, ONE WIFE & ONE SET OF RULES)

Polytheism is a type of religion that believes in multiple gods or goddesses, each with their own attributes and domains. Some polytheistic religions, such as Hinduism and Wicca, have more flexible views on sexuality and relationships. They may allow or encourage polyamory (having more than one romantic or sexual partner) among their followers, as long as they are honest and respectful to everyone involved. They may also accept and celebrate LGBTQQ+ people (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, and others) as part of their diversity and expression of their faith. (MULTI GODS< MULTI WIVES & E QUALITY).

That you have fundamentalist Morman's who have one god multiple wives.

Polyamory is the practice of having more than one intimate partner with the consent of all involved. It is a form of ethical non-monogamy that challenges the dominant social norm of monogamy. However, polyamorous people face legal and social discrimination in many countries, including the United States. They are not recognized as a valid family structure, and they have no legal rights or protections for their relationships. This is a violation of their human rights and dignity, and it needs to change.

When is the government going to allow polyamorous people to be legal? This is a question that many polyamorous activists and advocates are asking, and they are not getting a satisfactory answer. The government has been slow and reluctant to acknowledge the existence and diversity of polyamorous families, let alone to grant them equal rights and recognition. There are many barriers and challenges that prevent polyamory from being legalized, such as social stigma, religious opposition, legal complexity, and political inertia. However, these are not insurmountable obstacles, and they can be overcome with education, awareness, dialogue, and activism.

Polyamorous people deserve to be respected and accepted for who they are and how they love. They deserve to have the same legal rights and protections as monogamous people, such as marriage, adoption, inheritance, custody, health care, and immigration. They deserve to live without fear of discrimination, harassment, or violence. They deserve to have their voices heard and their needs met by the government and society. Polyamory is not a threat to monogamy or morality; it is a valid and valuable expression of human diversity and freedom. The government should not interfere with the personal choices and consensual relationships of its citizens; it should support them and protect them. It is time for the government to allow polyamorous people to be legal.

The misconception of polytheism

[1]: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11153-015-9554-x ""
[2]: https://academic.oup.com/jts/article-abstract/57/1/133/1646320 ""
[3]: https://www.britannica.com/topic/polytheism ""
[4]: https://christianeducatorsacademy.com/is-christianity-polytheistic-the-truth-revealed/ ""
[5]: https://www.ncesc.com/what-is-polytheism/ ""
[6]: https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/flj007 ""

Polytheism, the belief in or worship of multiple deities, is often subject to misconceptions that can distort its understanding and practice. One common misconception is that polytheism is primitive or archaic, a relic of ancient times without relevance in the modern world. This view overlooks the vibrant and active polytheistic traditions that continue to be practiced today, such as Hinduism, Shinto, and various neopagan movements. Another misconception is the idea that polytheistic religions are less sophisticated or philosophical than monotheistic ones. In reality, polytheistic systems often have rich theological frameworks and ethical teachings that are deeply intertwined with cultural and philosophical thought.

Additionally, there's a tendency to assume that polytheistic deities are equivalent and interchangeable, which ignores the unique attributes, roles, and relationships each deity has within their respective pantheons. This simplification fails to appreciate the complexity and diversity of polytheistic theologies. It's also mistakenly believed that polytheism necessarily involves idolatry or the worship of physical idols. While some polytheistic religions do use statues or images in worship, these are typically seen as representations or symbols of the divine, rather than gods themselves.

Another misconception is that polytheistic religions lack a moral code or ethical guidelines, which is not the case. Many polytheistic religions have well-defined ethical systems, often emphasizing harmony with nature, communal responsibility, and personal virtue. There's also the erroneous belief that polytheism is inherently tolerant and inclusive, which, while often true, is not a given; like any religious system, polytheism can be practiced with varying degrees of exclusivity or inclusivity.

Furthermore, some people confuse polytheism with atheism or agnosticism, failing to recognize that polytheism involves active belief in and worship of multiple gods, as opposed to atheism's lack of belief in any gods and agnosticism's position of uncertainty. Lastly, there's a misconception that all polytheistic religions are the same. In reality, there is a vast array of polytheistic beliefs and practices around the world, each with its own distinct traditions, narratives, and rituals. Understanding polytheism requires an appreciation for this diversity and a recognition of the unique ways in which different cultures engage with the divine[5].

monotheism, polytheism, and the mythos of the world

The interplay between monotheism and polytheism is a complex and nuanced topic that has been explored in various religious and philosophical contexts. Monotheism, the belief in a single deity, and polytheism, the worship of multiple deities, are often seen as mutually exclusive systems. However, throughout history, there have been instances where elements of both have coexisted or even merged. For example, henotheism is a form of belief where one god is supreme, but the existence of other gods is acknowledged. Similarly, some monotheistic practices may incorporate aspects of polytheism, such as the veneration of saints or angels, which can be seen as a form of polytheistic expression within a monotheistic framework.

The question of whether such a combination is a "cruel joke to a person's soul" is deeply subjective and varies according to individual beliefs and interpretations. For some, the blending of monotheistic and polytheistic elements can enrich their spiritual experience, allowing them to connect with the divine in multiple ways. For others, strict adherence to a single belief system is essential to their faith and spiritual well-being. It's important to recognize that spirituality is a personal journey, and what may seem contradictory or irreconcilable to one person may be a source of comfort and meaning to another.

In the broader scope of religious evolution, the emergence of monotheism from polytheistic roots suggests a human inclination towards simplifying the divine into a more unified concept. This progression can be seen as a natural development of religious thought, rather than a disparagement of earlier beliefs. The historical shift from polytheism to monotheism, as seen in ancient civilizations, often involved the elevation of one deity above others, eventually leading to the exclusive worship of that deity.

Ultimately, the combination of monotheism and polytheism is not a matter of jest but a reflection of humanity's diverse and evolving understanding of the divine. It underscores the complexity of religious belief and the myriad ways in which humans seek to explain and connect with the world beyond the physical. Whether through one God or many, the quest for spiritual understanding is a testament to the depth and variety of human thought and experience.

[1]: https://www.learnreligions.com/theisms-monotheism-polytheism-deism-and-more-250956 ""
[2]: https://www.livescience.com/polytheism-to-monotheism.html ""
[3]: https://www.britannica.com/topic/monotheism/The-spectrum-of-views-monotheisms-and-quasi-monotheisms ""
[4]: https://www.britannica.com/topic/polytheism ""
[5]: https://symbolsage.com/monotheism-vs-polytheism/ ""
[6]: https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/monsters-demons-and-other-mythical-creatures-in-jewish-lore/ ""
[7]: https://www.britannica.com/topic/elf-mythology ""
[8]: https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/wee-folk-and-their-friends ""
[9]: https://theconversation.com/fairies-werent-always-cute-they-used-to-drink-human-blood-and-kidnap-children-170305 ""
[10]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_and_immortality_in_Middle-earth ""

The interplay between monotheism and polytheism is a complex and nuanced subject, often explored within the context of religious studies and mythology. Monotheism, the belief in a single deity, and polytheism, the worship of multiple deities, have historically been viewed as distinct and mutually exclusive systems. However, some religious traditions have elements of both, which can be seen in the concept of henotheism, where one God is supreme, but others are also acknowledged. This spectrum of belief systems reflects the diverse ways in which cultures understand and relate to the divine.

In the realm of folklore and myth, creatures like wee people, elves, and the undead often embody the intersection of the natural and supernatural worlds. These beings, while not gods, play significant roles in the cosmologies of various cultures. For instance, in some traditions, elves are seen as intermediaries between gods and humans, or as manifestations of natural forces. Similarly, the undead, or beings that have returned from death, often serve as cautionary tales about the afterlife and the consequences of one's actions in many mythologies.

The incorporation of such mythical beings into religious narratives can serve multiple purposes. They can act as metaphors for understanding complex concepts, such as the afterlife or the nature of the soul. They may also represent cultural values or historical events that are significant to a community. In some cases, these mythical figures have been integrated into the rituals and practices of a religion, reflecting a syncretism where new beliefs are blended with traditional ones.

In summary, the combination of monotheism and polytheism, along with the inclusion of mythical beings like wee people, elves, and the undead, illustrates the rich tapestry of human belief and the ways in which different cultures seek to explain and interact with the world around them. These elements of belief and folklore provide insight into the human desire to connect with something greater than oneself, whether it be through the worship of a single god, multiple gods, or the veneration of otherworldly beings that inhabit the spaces between our world and the next. The study of these phenomena offers a window into the spiritual and imaginative life of humanity across time and place.

monotheism, polytheism, and healing from touch

[1]: https://www.dictionary.com/e/monotheism-vs-polytheism/ ""
[2]: https://www.learnreligions.com/theisms-monotheism-polytheism-deism-and-more-250956 ""
[3]: https://www.difference.wiki/monotheism-vs-polytheism/ ""
[4]: https://www.askdifference.com/monotheism-vs-polytheism/ ""
[5]: https://www.britannica.com/topic/monotheism/The-spectrum-of-views-monotheisms-and-quasi-monotheisms ""
[6]: https://drmsh.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/HeiserTynB.pdf ""

The concept of "laying on of hands" in monotheistic traditions and practices such as Reiki, which is often associated with polytheistic or non-theistic belief systems, indeed share similarities despite their different religious contexts. In monotheism, which is the belief in a single deity, the "laying on of hands" is a ritual act seen across various faiths, including Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, often symbolizing healing, blessing, or ordination. On the other hand, Reiki, a form of alternative medicine developed in Japan, is not tied to any one religion but is often linked to spiritual practices that may include belief in multiple deities or universal energy, aligning more closely with polytheistic or pantheistic views.

While the two practices arise from different belief systems, they both involve a transfer of energy, whether it be spiritual, divine, or life force, from the practitioner to the recipient. This commonality suggests a shared human inclination towards the healing touch and the belief in the power of intentional, focused contact to promote healing and well-being. The differences lie in the underlying theology and the interpretation of the source of this healing power. Monotheistic religions attribute such power to the divine will of a singular God, while Reiki and similar practices may attribute it to a universal life force or a multitude of spiritual entities.

It's important to note that while Reiki is compatible with many religious beliefs, it is not inherently religious itself. It is a secular practice that can be found in various cultural contexts, and its practitioners and recipients need not subscribe to any particular religious or spiritual belief system. This universality is part of what makes Reiki and similar practices accessible to a wide audience, transcending individual religious doctrines.

In conclusion, while "laying on of hands" in monotheistic traditions and Reiki in polytheistic or non-theistic contexts may serve similar functions and share the theme of healing through touch, they are distinct in their origins, philosophies, and religious affiliations. The former is deeply rooted in the worship and authority of a single deity, while the latter is a more eclectic practice that draws on a broader spectrum of spiritual or energetic beliefs. Despite these differences, both reflect the human desire for connection, healing, and the harnessing of an unseen power believed to be capable of restoring balance and health.

strike down the witch for they appose our beliefs.

[1]: https://christianeducatorsacademy.com/dealing-with-witchcraft-as-a-christian-a-comprehensive-guide/ ""
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_views_on_magic ""
[3]: https://slife.org/christian-views-on-magic/ ""
[4]: https://academickids.com/encyclopedia/index.php/Christian_views_on_witchcraft ""
[5]: https://www.britannica.com/topic/polytheism ""
[6]: https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-ancient-traditions/polytheistic-religion-0013182 ""
[7]: https://christianeducatorsacademy.com/is-christianity-polytheistic-the-truth-revealed/ ""
[8]: https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Philosophy/Introduction_to_Philosophy%3A_Philosophy_of_Religion_%28Branson_et_al.%29/01%3A_Chapters/1.05%3A_Debunking_Arguments_against_Theistic_Belief ""
[9]: https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Polytheism ""

The topic of witchcraft and its repercussions in religious texts is complex and varies widely among different belief systems. In Christian writings, there are historical instances where witchcraft was met with severe punishment. For example, the Bible has passages that condemn witchcraft and those who practice it. Exodus 22:18 from the Old Testament is often cited, which in some translation's states, "Do not allow a sorceress to live." However, interpretations and applications of these passages have evolved over time, and most modern Christians do not support such extreme measures.

In contrast, polytheistic beliefs are diverse and do not always align with the idea of punishment for beliefs. Polytheism, the belief in many gods, characterizes many ancient religions that often have complex narratives involving gods with human-like qualities, including emotions and moral conflicts. These narratives may include stories of gods punishing humans for various transgressions, but these are not necessarily tied to the belief system of the followers. For instance, in Greek mythology, there are tales of the gods' punishing mortals for hubris or disrespect towards the divine, but these punishments are more about the actions and attitudes of individuals rather than a condemnation of a particular belief system or practice.

It's important to note that the historical context and the evolution of religious beliefs play a significant role in how such matters are interpreted and applied. While ancient texts may contain references to severe punishments, contemporary interpretations often focus on the symbolic meaning or moral lessons rather than literal enforcement. In modern times, religious freedom and the understanding that belief systems are personal and diverse have led to a more tolerant approach towards different forms of spirituality and practice. The focus is more on the ethical and moral conduct of individuals rather than on punitive measures for their beliefs. This shift reflects a broader trend towards inclusivity and respect for human rights in the global community.

Racism is a taught behavior:

[1]: https://news.fordham.edu/inside-fordham/faculty-reads/theologian-examines-painful-connections-christianity-racism/ ""
[2]: https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/racism-among-white-christians-higher-among-nonreligious-s-no-coincidence-ncna1235045 ""
[3]: https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2021/09/28/bible-evangelicals-duty-fight-racism/5847173001/ ""
[4]: https://www.christianity.com/wiki/christian-life/how-should-christians-respond-to-racism.html ""
[5]: https://christianeducatorsacademy.com/how-to-deal-with-racism-as-a-christian-a-guide-to-overcoming-prejudice/ ""

The relationship between Christianity and racism is a complex and historically layered topic. It's important to recognize that Christianity, like many other religions, is diverse and practiced by billions of people worldwide with varying interpretations and beliefs. Throughout history, there have been instances where Christian doctrine has been misused to justify racial discrimination and supremacy. For example, the Doctrine of Discovery issued in the 15th century by Pope Alexander VI, which was later used to justify European colonization and subjugation of non-Christian lands and peoples, has been cited as an example of how Christian theology was manipulated to support the notion of white supremacy.

In more recent times, scholars and theologians have examined the ways in which certain interpretations of Christian theology may have perpetuated racist ideologies. Jeannine Hill Fletcher, a professor of theology, discusses in her book "The Sin of White Supremacy: Christianity, Racism, and Religious Diversity in America" how theology has been complicit in creating and sustaining ideas that prioritize Christianity and whiteness. Similarly, public opinion polls have shown that white Christians are more likely than non-religious whites to deny the existence of structural racism, indicating a troubling correlation between certain Christian beliefs and racial biases.

However, it is also crucial to acknowledge the significant role that many Christian individuals and groups have played in fighting against racism and advocating for civil rights. The Bible contains numerous passages that promote love, equality, and justice, which have inspired countless believers to work towards a more equitable society. For instance, the Civil Rights Movement in the United States saw prominent Christian leaders, such as Martin Luther King Jr., using Christian teachings to argue for racial equality and social justice.

Moreover, contemporary Christian writers and leaders continue to address racism, calling for introspection and change within Christian communities. They emphasize the need for Christians to confront and dismantle racism, recognizing it as a sin that contradicts the fundamental Christian commandment to love one's neighbor. Initiatives and resources are available to guide Christians in understanding and overcoming prejudice, and in taking active steps towards promoting racial reconciliation and justice.

In conclusion, while there have been instances where Christian writings and teachings have been associated with racism, it is not inherent to Christianity itself. The faith's core message of love and equality stands in opposition to any form of racism. It is the responsibility of believers to interpret and live out their faith in ways that honor the dignity and worth of every individual, regardless of race. The ongoing dialogue and efforts within Christian circles to address and rectify past and present injustices are a testament to the dynamic and evolving nature of religious understanding and practice. Disclaimer: This response does not endorse any form of racism and recognizes the sensitivity of the topic. It aims to provide an informational perspective based on historical and contemporary discussions around Christianity and racism.

[1]: https://wildhunt.org/2015/05/guest-post-a-polytheist-primer.html ""
[2]: http://polytheist.com/gods-and-radicals/2014/09/16/polytheism-and-the-anti-modern/ ""
[3]: http://polytheist.com/featured-voices/2016/07/19/foundational-polytheism/ ""

The question of whether polytheist writing can be considered a form of racism is complex and multifaceted. Polytheism, the belief in multiple deities, is a feature of various religious traditions around the world. It is important to distinguish between the theological aspects of polytheism and the cultural or social practices that may be associated with it. The core of polytheism is the worship of multiple gods, which in itself is a religious belief and not a racial ideology. However, issues of race and racism can intersect with polytheist practices if they involve cultural appropriation, the exclusion of individuals based on ethnicity, or the promotion of racial theories.

In some cases, polytheist traditions may be intertwined with cultural and ethnic identities, leading to a focus on reconstructing or reviving ancient practices associated with specific groups. This can sometimes lead to discussions about the role of race and ethnicity in these religious practices. For instance, within Heathenism and Celtic Reconstructionism, there is an emphasis on cultural and societal norms from the past, which includes learning languages and adopting technologies associated with those cultures. While this can be a genuine effort to connect with one's heritage, it can also raise questions about inclusivity and the potential for nationalist or exclusionary ideologies to take root.

It is crucial to note that many polytheists actively engage in social justice work, including efforts to combat systemic racism, economic disparity, and inequality. The polytheist community is diverse, and many of its members are involved in progressive causes that seek to address various forms of discrimination and promote equality. Therefore, it would be inaccurate to label polytheist writing or beliefs as inherently racist.

However, it is also true that any religious or spiritual practice, including polytheism, can be misused to support harmful ideologies. There have been instances where individuals or groups have co-opted polytheist symbols or narratives to advance racist agendas. This is not unique to polytheism and can occur in any religious or philosophical system. It is the responsibility of the community and its leaders to actively oppose such misappropriations and to ensure that their practices are inclusive and respectful of all individuals, regardless of race or ethnicity.

In conclusion, polytheist writing is not inherently another form of racism, but like any set of beliefs, it can be misinterpreted or misused. The polytheist community, like any other, contains a spectrum of beliefs and practices, and many within it are committed to social justice and equality. It is essential to approach such topics with nuance and an understanding of the complexities involved.